Sanitation, transport, logistics and long-term infrastructure projects across Brazil.
← Back to topicBrazil introduced the real on July 1, 1994, after months of transition through the URV unit of account. The Real Plan rapidly reduced inflation from extraordinary levels and helped establish the institutional foundations for long-term price stability.
On May 6, 1997, Brazil transferred control of Companhia Vale do Rio Doce, then known as CVRD, to private shareholders in an auction that raised R$3.34 billion for 41.73% of its voting capital.
Brazil’s 1997 auction of Companhia Vale do Rio Doce, now Vale, transferred voting control of the mining company to a domestic consortium for R$3.338 billion. The deal became a defining moment in the country’s broader privatization program.
On November 8, 2007, Petrobras announced the Tupi discovery in Brazil’s pre-salt province, estimating 5 billion to 8 billion barrels of oil equivalent in recoverable light oil and natural gas. The estimate was preliminary, but the discovery became a landmark in the country’s offshore energy history.
Brazil’s Anti-Corruption Law established objective liability for legal entities and introduced fines, publication penalties and leniency agreements. Though enacted on August 1, 2013, it came into force in February 2014.
Brazil’s Federal Police launched the first overt phase of Operation Lava Jato on March 17, 2014. Initially focused on suspected money laundering and illegal foreign-exchange activity, the inquiry later expanded into allegations involving Petrobras, major contractors and political figures. Its legacy remains significant, but legal outcomes varied case by case.
Operation Car Wash entered its first overt phase on March 17, 2014. Petrobras later recognized R$6.194 billion in improperly capitalized overpayments, while U.S. authorities found that the company and investors had been harmed by the scheme and that its disclosures misled markets.
Operation Lava Jato, known internationally as Car Wash, became one of Brazil’s most consequential anti-corruption investigations. Its record includes major corporate settlements and compliance commitments, but also later Supreme Court rulings that annulled specific proceedings and excluded a category of Odebrecht-derived evidence.
Eletrobras’ 2022 capitalization reduced the federal government’s stake from 61.69% to 36.99%, ending its majority ownership. The transaction did not remove the state from Brazil’s wider power sector: Itaipu-related interests and nuclear operator Eletronuclear remained under federal control.
Brazil has created Redata, a special tax regime for data-center projects that covers cloud computing, high-performance computing and artificial-intelligence workloads while imposing local-market and sustainability requirements on beneficiaries.
Date shown is the publication date because no separate historical event date is stored.Brazil’s food-supply agency Conab estimates that the country will produce a record 361.7 million tonnes of grains and oilseeds in the 2025/26 harvest, 2.6% more than a year earlier.
Date shown is the publication date because no separate historical event date is stored.Brazil’s new critical-minerals policy establishes a council to set priorities and a suite of financing and traceability tools. Its practical reach will depend on regulations still to be issued.
Date shown is the publication date because no separate historical event date is stored.